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Java 8的default method与method resolution

    博客分类:
  • Java
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先看看下面这个代码例子,
interface IFoo {
  default void bar(int i) {
    System.out.println("IFoo.bar(int)");
  }
}

public class Foo implements IFoo {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Foo foo = new Foo();
    foo.bar(42);  // (1) invokevirtual Foo.bar(int)void

    IFoo ifoo = foo;
    ifoo.bar(42); // (2) invokeinterface IFoo.bar(int)void
  }

  public void bar(long l) {
    System.out.println("Foo.bar(long)");
  }
}

(1)与(2)分别应该调用哪个版本的方法呢?

Java 8的接口上的default method,或者叫virtual extension method,目的是为了让接口可以“事后”添加新方法而无需强迫所有实现该接口的类都提供新方法的实现。也就是说它的主要使用场景可能会涉及“代码演进”。

所以让我们把例子退回到代码演进的更早阶段。或许以前这段代码是这样的:
interface IFoo {
}

public class Foo implements IFoo {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Foo foo = new Foo();
    foo.bar(42);  // (1) invokevirtual Foo.bar(long)void
  }

  public void bar(long l) {
    System.out.println("Foo.foo(long)");
  }
}

此时的(1)处会调用到Foo.bar(long)方法。

但是当IFoo新添加了新方法bar(int)并提供默认实现之后,(1)就会被“劫持”到IFoo.bar(int)的默认实现上,因为这个版本的signature提供了更准确的匹配。

这种“劫持”行为似乎很符合Java的一贯语义,但是很容易给码农挖坑啊orz…

当前版本的Java 8语言规范草案:http://cr.openjdk.java.net/~mr/se/8/java-se-8-fr-spec-01/java-se-8-jls-fr-diffs.pdf
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1 楼 funnyone 2018-11-03  
    

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